Tianjin Nankai High School Project Abstracts

Understanding the Course of Formation of the Universe from the Behaviors of Quasars
Wang Datao
Wang Yinhan
Ma Yichen
Liu Jiani
Feng Shuo

Superluminal phenomenon and ultra-high radiation power of quasars . Ever since the first quasar was discovered, mysteries regarding quasars have arisen one after another. It has been revealed by research that the radiation power of quasars is far greater than that of normal galaxies while their size is by far smaller than that of galaxies. Where on earth does this great amount of energy come from? Why is the recession velocity of quasars greater than that the velocity of light under observation? With its shape similar to a star, its spectrum similar to a Seyfert galaxy, its electric waves similar to a radio galaxy and so on, what kind of celestial body is the quasar really is? Demonstrate through experiment that the superluminal phenomenon is caused by distortion of space and limitations of the radio telescope and derive that the huge amount of light energy given off by the quasar is the residual energy of the early universe.


Experimental Study of Epimerization of Glucose into Mannose
Li Tong
Zhang Yuxue
Wang Xiaoliang
Zhang Lijia
Dong Kuiliang

Mannitol has wide applications. In medicine, it is an excellent excipient of tablets, a diluent agent for solid and liquid drugs, a diuretic and a safe, first-choice medicine for lowering intracranial pressure and intraocular pressure. In the food industry, mannitol has the lowest water absorption among sugar and sugar alcohol and has a refreshing sweet flavor. Therefore, it can prevent food from becoming sticky and serve as the low-calorie and low-sugar sweetener for health food and food for patients of diabetes. Recently, mannitol has also been used for chewing gum. Due to its wide applications, the demands for mannitol have increased rapidly in the whole world. Its price is rising steadily in the world and it enjoys bright prospects of development. At present, there are mainly two methods of industrial production of mannitol: (1) separation and extraction of mannitol from kelp; (2) catalytic hydrogenation of fructose liquid or invert syrup (1: 1 mixture of fructose and glucose). The current methods have such disadvantages as low yield rate, difficulty in separation and high cost. Therefore, it is highly significant to make active efforts to find a new process of producing mannitol. This experimental study investigates the experimental process of preparing mannose from glucose by means of the continuous trickle-bed isomerization method, which provides the technical precondition for producing mannitol by hydrogenation.